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What are the causes of change? The causes of change are both internal and external. Internal causes of change are those that occur within a person. The person initiates the change and is in control. External causes of change involves a person’s surroundings changing. There is little control over this type of change. In the texts looking for Alibrandi by Melena Marchetta, “The Door” by Miroslav Holub, “What women Want” directed by Nancy Myers and song “father and son’ composed by Cat Stevens both internal and external causes of change can be seen. The novel looking for Alibrandi by Melena Marchetta is about Josephine Alibrandi, a Catholic girl, in her final year of High school. As the year progresses Josie alters her perspective on many issues including her culture, family, own identity , and the importance of social standing and wealth. The causes of these changes are internal, external and a combination of the two. Josie's perspective of her grandmother changes from viewing her as nagging old women to having a loving, caring, respectful relationship with her .The episodic narrative which is written in first person enables the reader to see the stages in which her perspective changes as she gains knowledge about